Friedman Industries, Incorporated (FRD): Navigating Volatility with Resilience

Business Overview

Friedman Industries, Incorporated (NYSE:FRD) is a diversified steel manufacturer and processor that has demonstrated its ability to navigate the cyclical nature of the steel industry. With a focus on flat-roll and tubular products, the company has leveraged its operational expertise and strategic investments to deliver solid financial performance amidst the industry's volatility.

Friedman Industries operates in two reportable segments: Flat-roll and Tubular. The Flat-roll segment consists of five hot-rolled coil processing facilities located in Hickman, Arkansas; Decatur, Alabama; East Chicago, Indiana; Granite City, Illinois; and Sinton, Texas. These facilities are equipped with state-of-the-art equipment, including temper mills and cut-to-length lines, that enable the company to process sheet and plate ranging from 16 gauge to 1" thick and 36" to 96" wide. The Tubular segment, operated by the Texas Tubular Products division, manufactures and sells pipe products ranging from 2 3/8" to 8 5/8" in outside diameter.

Financial Performance

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, Friedman Industries reported annual net income of $17.3 million on revenue of $516.7 million. The company's annual operating cash flow was $5.0 million, while free cash flow was negative $0.8 million. These results demonstrate the company's ability to generate solid profitability and cash flow, even in the face of industry challenges.

Quarterly Highlights

In the most recent quarter ended December 31, 2023, Friedman Industries reported net sales of $116.0 million, up from $111.9 million in the prior-year quarter. Gross profit increased to $10.4 million, or 9.0% of net sales, compared to $6.1 million, or 5.5% of net sales, in the same period last year. The company's Flat-roll segment was the primary driver of this improvement, with operating profits of $8.7 million, up from $3.3 million in the prior-year quarter.

Segmental Performance

The Flat-roll segment, which accounts for the majority of Friedman Industries' revenue, has been a key contributor to the company's success. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Flat-roll segment generated $352.1 million in sales, down from $372.8 million in the prior-year period, primarily due to a decline in the average selling price per ton. However, sales volume increased, with the segment selling approximately 351,000 tons from inventory and an additional 72,000 tons of toll processing customer-owned material, compared to 306,500 tons from inventory and 34,000 tons of toll processing in the prior-year period.

The Tubular segment, while smaller in scale, has also played a role in Friedman Industries' performance. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Tubular segment reported sales of $31.9 million, down from $50.5 million in the prior-year period, due to a decrease in both the average selling price per ton and the volume sold.

Operational Highlights

Friedman Industries has made strategic investments to enhance its operational capabilities and expand its footprint. In October 2022, the company completed its new facility in Sinton, Texas, which is part of the Flat-roll product segment. This $22.2 million facility is equipped with a state-of-the-art stretcher leveler cut-to-length line and has expanded the company's production capacity and geographic reach.

Additionally, in April 2022, Friedman Industries acquired certain assets and liabilities of Plateplus, Inc., a steel coil processing company, for $76.5 million. This acquisition added two new facilities in the Midwest, further strengthening the company's Flat-roll segment and improving its distribution capabilities.

Hedging and Risk Management

Friedman Industries actively utilizes hot-rolled coil futures to manage price risk on unsold inventory and longer-term fixed-price sales agreements. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the company recognized a gain of $0.7 million related to these economic hedges of risk, compared to a gain of $7.3 million in the prior-year period. The company's hedging strategy is designed to provide more consistent financial results over price cycles, although the timing of gains and losses may not always align with the corresponding physical margins.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2023, Friedman Industries had a current ratio of 3.1 and working capital of $116.3 million. The company maintains a $150 million asset-based lending facility, which had a balance of $46.0 million at the end of the quarter, providing ample liquidity to support its operations and strategic initiatives.

Outlook and Guidance

Friedman Industries expects to conclude fiscal year 2024 with a strong fourth quarter, characterized by solid margins associated with a considerable increase in hot-rolled coil prices entering the final quarter. The company anticipates slightly higher sales volume in the fourth quarter compared to the third quarter.

Risks and Challenges

While Friedman Industries has demonstrated resilience, the company faces several risks and challenges inherent to the steel industry. These include volatility in raw material prices, competition from alternative materials, and the potential loss of key suppliers. The company's success is also dependent on the overall health of the industries it serves, such as construction and energy.

Conclusion

Friedman Industries has navigated the cyclical nature of the steel industry with agility and strategic foresight. The company's diversified product portfolio, operational excellence, and prudent risk management have enabled it to deliver solid financial performance, even in the face of market volatility. As Friedman Industries continues to invest in its facilities and expand its geographic reach, the company is well-positioned to capitalize on the long-term growth opportunities in the steel industry.