Executive Summary / Key Takeaways

• Strategic Pivot to Value-Based Care: Amedisys is aggressively shifting its Medicare Advantage (MA) business towards innovative case-rate contracts, exemplified by its partnership with CVS/Aetna , aiming to enhance margins and drive organic growth by optimizing care delivery and leveraging clinical capacity.
• Capacity as a Competitive Edge: In a market constrained by significant clinical labor shortages, Amedisys's focus on clinician recruitment, retention, and technological tools like Medalogix and ConnectRN is crucial for fulfilling demand and gaining market share.
• High Acuity Care as a Differentiator: The Contessa segment, despite initial ramp-up challenges, is a strategic asset opening new risk-based care-at-home markets, with partnerships like Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee showcasing its potential to drive future profitability and differentiate Amedisys.
• Solid Financial Foundation Amidst Headwinds: Amedisys maintains strong liquidity with $337.30 million in cash and $508.00 million in revolver availability as of June 30, 2025, supporting its M&A pipeline and strategic investments despite merger-related expenses and inflationary pressures.
• Merger Uncertainty and Regulatory Scrutiny: The pending merger with UnitedHealth Group faces significant antitrust litigation from the DOJ, creating an overhang that could impact the company's near-term trajectory, with potential divestitures and a trial date set for late 2025 or early 2026.

The Evolving Home Care Imperative

Amedisys, Inc. has long stood as a multi-state provider of essential home health, hospice, and high acuity care services, deeply embedded in the U.S. healthcare system. With 347 Medicare-certified home health centers, 164 Medicare-certified hospice centers, and 8 high acuity care joint ventures across 38 states and the District of Columbia, the company's foundation is built on delivering care where patients prefer it most: in their homes. This model is increasingly vital as an aging population, coupled with a growing consumer preference for home-based care and the inherent cost efficiencies compared to institutional settings, drives an undeniable shift in healthcare delivery.

The industry is undergoing a rapid transformation, characterized by evolving payer dynamics, persistent labor shortages, and a heightened focus on value-based outcomes. Amedisys finds itself at a pivotal juncture, strategically adapting its business model to these macro trends. The company's historical journey, marked by organic growth and strategic acquisitions like Contessa in 2021, has positioned it to capitalize on these shifts. The core investment thesis for Amedisys hinges on its ability to leverage its scale, clinical quality, and technological advancements to thrive in a capacity-constrained market, even as it navigates a complex proposed merger.

Technological Edge and Operational Excellence

Amedisys's strategic response to industry challenges is deeply rooted in technological differentiation and operational optimization. The company actively deploys and develops proprietary tools to enhance care delivery, improve efficiency, and manage costs.

At the heart of its operational strategy is Medalogix, a predictive data and analytics platform. This technology is instrumental in optimizing patient care and improving quality scores by providing data-driven insights into visit utilization. Medalogix enables Amedisys to precisely match the number and type of visits to individual patient needs, ensuring optimal care while reducing unnecessary costs. For instance, Medalogix has contributed to the company's ability to manage visits per episode (VPE), with management expecting VPE to hover around 13.0-13.2 in 2023. This precision in care delivery directly translates to improved efficiency and better margins. Furthermore, Medalogix is piloting a new product designed to offer intra-episode recommendations, providing calibrated visit adjustments based on the most recent patient interactions. This innovation aims to further refine utilization in real-time, enhancing both patient outcomes and operational efficiency.

Complementing Medalogix, Amedisys has invested in ConnectRN, a technology-enabled clinician sourcing application. This platform is a direct response to the pervasive clinical labor shortage, particularly in nursing. ConnectRN facilitates the offering of shift-based labor to Amedisys's PRN (as-needed) workforce, aiming to increase productivity from existing staff and reduce reliance on more costly contract labor. Management has noted that this tool helps build out a PRN pool and makes the existing pool more efficient, enabling care centers to take on more patients in constrained labor environments. This technological approach to staffing directly addresses a critical industry bottleneck, enhancing Amedisys's clinical capacity and improving its cost structure by mitigating the impact of wage inflation and contractor expenses.

These technological differentiators are not merely tools; they are foundational to Amedisys's competitive moat. They enable the company to maintain high-quality outcomes, as evidenced by its Home Health Quality of Patient Care Stars score of 4.49 stars (October 2022 preview), with 100% of its care centers achieving 4 stars or greater. This commitment to quality, underpinned by technology, differentiates Amedisys in a competitive landscape where larger, more diversified players like UnitedHealth Group and Humana emphasize broad integrated ecosystems. While UNH and HUM may have faster innovation in broader digital health integration, Amedisys's targeted clinical technologies provide a specialized edge in direct patient care optimization and workforce management within the home setting.

Strategic Evolution and Competitive Positioning

Amedisys operates in a highly competitive environment, vying for patients and contracts with a diverse set of players. Direct competitors include large diversified healthcare companies such as UnitedHealth Group and Humana (HUM), as well as specialized post-acute care providers like Encompass Health and Chemed Corporation .

Amedisys's competitive strategy is evolving to meet the demands of a changing payer landscape. Medicare Advantage (MA) penetration is accelerating, leading to a significant shift in payer mix. Historically, per-visit MA contracts offered lower reimbursement rates, impacting margins. In response, Amedisys has adopted a more assertive stance, prioritizing value-based care models. The company has signed an innovative case-rate contract with CVS/Aetna (CVS), where it receives a flat rate per admission, with a portion tied to quality metrics. This model aims to free up clinical capacity and drive organic admissions growth by allowing Amedisys to optimize care delivery using its internal tools, rather than being dictated by external utilization management. The company aims to transition a significant portion of its per-visit MA business (representing 60% of its 20% total Home Health revenue) to case-rate models, projecting a potential margin expansion from the low 20s to the high 30s or low 40s. Amedisys is actively engaging other payers for similar arrangements and has stated its willingness to exit contracts that do not offer reasonable terms, reallocating its finite clinical capacity to strategic partners who value its services. This strategic pivot leverages Amedisys's position as a scaled, quality provider in an increasingly capacity-constrained market.

The Contessa high acuity care segment is a key differentiator, opening new markets and growth opportunities in risk-based, high-acuity care in the home. While it has acknowledged being "behind our original plan" in terms of profitability ramp-up, management expresses "tremendous conviction" in its long-term potential. In Q4 2022, Hospital and SNF at Home admissions grew 69% year-over-year to 482, with full-year 2022 admissions exceeding 607 patients, representing over 100% growth. Contessa focuses on deepening existing partnerships and adding 2-3 new ones annually. A notable recent development is the new risk partnership with Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee for palliative care services at home, which began in early 2023. This collaboration showcases the "power of a combined Amedisys and Contessa clinical asset," offering an integrated home care continuum that few, if any, competitors can match. While Contessa is expected to remain an EBITDA drag of around $30 million in 2023, its strategic importance in capturing the future of risk-based home care is paramount.

Compared to its rivals, Amedisys holds a specialized position. Its established network of care centers and deep regulatory expertise provide a strong foundation for customer loyalty and consistent service delivery. While larger, more diversified players like UNH and HUM benefit from broader ecosystems and potentially faster innovation in general digital health, Amedisys's strength lies in its focused operational execution and specialized technological tools for in-home care. Encompass Health (EHC) specializes in rehabilitation, and Chemed (CHE) is strong in hospice, but Amedisys's integrated approach across home health, hospice, and high acuity care, particularly with its Contessa offering, provides a more comprehensive solution for patients with complex needs. This breadth, combined with its quality outcomes, allows Amedisys to take market share in many of its operating regions.

Financial Performance and Outlook

Amedisys's financial performance in the first half of 2025 reflects both the impact of strategic initiatives and ongoing industry dynamics. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, net service revenue increased to $621.9 million from $591.2 million in the prior year, a 5.2% increase. Operating income, however, decreased by $7.0 million to $45.6 million. This was primarily due to a $14.0 million increase in merger-related expenses. Excluding these one-time costs, operating income would have increased by $7.0 million, driven by rate increases and volume growth, partially offset by planned wage increases, a shift in home health payor mix, and higher employee-related insurance costs.

For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, net service revenue grew to $1.22 billion from $1.16 billion in the prior year. Operating income increased by $5.0 million to $88.9 million, despite a $10.0 million increase in merger-related expenses. The company also recognized a significant $48.10 million gain on an equity method investment in Q1 2025 related to its Medalogix ownership.

Segment-wise, Home Health's operating income remained flat in Q2 2025 at $67.3 million despite a $19.0 million revenue increase, due to payor mix shifts and rising costs. Hospice operating income increased by $5.0 million to $54.4 million on an $11.0 million revenue increase, driven by reimbursement and average daily census growth. High Acuity Care's operating loss increased to $(3.4) million in Q2 2025, attributed to lower savings on its risk-based palliative care contract and severance costs from a joint venture termination.

Amedisys maintains a strong liquidity position. As of June 30, 2025, cash and cash equivalents stood at $337.30 million, with $508.00 million available under its $550.00 million Revolving Credit Facility. Operating cash flow for the first half of 2025 increased to $63.52 million, up from $45.76 million in the prior year, benefiting from the resolution of the Change Healthcare outage's impact on collections. The company's debt structure remains manageable, with a weighted average interest rate of 6.00% on its term loan and compliance with all debt covenants. Management projects 2023 operating cash flow to be between $210 million and $215 million, underscoring robust cash generation.

For 2023, Amedisys initiated adjusted guidance, projecting revenue between $2.244 billion and $2.274 billion, adjusted EBITDA of $230 million to $240 million, and adjusted EPS of $4.13 to $4.36. This outlook accounts for significant headwinds, including approximately $45 million from higher labor costs and benefit enhancements, $23 million from incentive compensation, and $14 million from the shift to per-visit payers. These are expected to be largely offset by revenue growth, margin improvement initiatives, clinical optimization efforts (projected to yield nearly $20 million in cost savings), and a 3.8% hospice rate increase. The company's modeling assumes a flat home health rate update for its operations in 2023, despite a small industry-wide increase.

Risks and Challenges

The investment thesis for Amedisys is not without its complexities and risks. The most significant near-term factor is the proposed merger with UnitedHealth Group . The U.S. Department of Justice filed a lawsuit in November 2024 to block the merger on antitrust grounds, with a trial tentatively set for late 2025 or early 2026. While Amedisys intends to vigorously defend against these claims, the outcome remains uncertain. The company has agreed to divest certain home health and hospice centers to BrightSpring Health Services and The Pennant Group (PNTG), contingent on the merger's consummation and DOJ approval, as part of ongoing discussions. This legal and regulatory uncertainty creates an overhang, and Amedisys expects to incur "significant additional merger-related expenses."

Beyond the merger, the clinical labor shortage remains a persistent operational challenge. Demand for services continues to outstrip the supply of qualified clinicians, particularly nurses. This can lead to the company turning away business in certain markets, impacting growth. While Amedisys is investing heavily in recruitment and retention, the broader industry dynamic of wage inflation and competition for talent is expected to continue impacting labor costs through 2025.

The payer mix shift towards Medicare Advantage also presents a challenge. While Amedisys is actively pursuing value-based contracts, the transition away from traditional fee-for-service Medicare can initially pressure revenue and margins if favorable terms are not secured across all MA relationships. Furthermore, CMS payment updates pose a continuous regulatory risk. The proposed CY 2026 rule for Medicare home health providers estimates a substantial 6.40% decrease in payments, driven by permanent and temporary adjustments. Amedisys is actively lobbying against this, but any significant cuts could impact future profitability.

The ramp-up of the Contessa segment, while strategically vital, has been slower than originally planned. Achieving profitability and scaling new partnerships requires significant execution and investment. Additionally, broader industry trends such as the proliferation of telehealth by physicians, while beneficial in some contexts, has been noted by management as contributing to lower home health utilization due to missed opportunities for in-person assessments that often lead to referrals.

Conclusion

Amedisys stands at a critical juncture, poised to capitalize on the secular tailwinds driving healthcare into the home. Its strategic pivot towards value-based Medicare Advantage contracts, underpinned by its differentiated Medalogix and ConnectRN technologies, positions the company to enhance margins and expand clinical capacity in a supply-constrained market. The Contessa high acuity segment further strengthens its competitive moat, offering a unique integrated care model that aligns with the evolving demands of payers and health systems.

Despite the significant overhang of the pending merger with UnitedHealth Group (UNH) and the associated antitrust litigation, Amedisys demonstrates financial resilience and a clear strategic roadmap. The company's robust cash flow generation and strong liquidity provide the flexibility to pursue opportunistic acquisitions and invest in its core growth initiatives. While challenges such as labor inflation and potential CMS rate adjustments persist, Amedisys's proactive operational optimizations and its commitment to quality and technological leadership are crucial for its long-term success. Investors should closely monitor the outcome of the merger, the execution of its MA contracting strategy, and the continued growth trajectory of its high acuity care segment as key indicators of Amedisys's ability to unlock substantial value in the transforming home care landscape.