Core Laboratories Inc. published a study on October 10, 2024, detailing the Time Dependent Conductivity (TDC) of regional sands. This research extends previous methodologies for predicting conductivity as a function of time and stress to these materials. The study compares regional sands to traditional proppants like ceramic, northern white, and Brady sands.
The study found that while the 50-hour conductivities at stress for regional sands are often acceptable, their rate of conductivity decline over time is nearly always greater than that of northern white and Brady sands. This decline rate is a function of material properties such as shape and crush resistance, rather than sieve distribution or concentration. The differences in conductivity performance are attributed to varying crystalline structures, shapes, and impurities of the silica grains.
Recognition and definition of the degree to which conductivity decreases over time can aid in proppant selection and improve propped fracture performance predictions. This technological insight provides valuable data for operators seeking to optimize hydrocarbon recovery and operational efficiencies. The findings are crucial for making informed decisions in complex fracturing operations.
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