Executive Summary / Key Takeaways

• Friedman Industries delivered robust Q1 Fiscal 2026 results, with net earnings surging 95% and sales increasing 17.7%, primarily driven by higher sales volume and favorable hot-rolled steel coil (HRC) market conditions.
• The company's operational excellence, particularly increased capacity utilization across its flat-roll and tubular segments, and the high-margin contribution from its Sinton, TX facility, are key drivers of profitability.
• FRD maintains a strong financial position, evidenced by $117.5 million in working capital, a 3.9 current ratio, and robust operating cash flow of $15.5 million, enabling significant debt reduction.
• Strategic hedging activities effectively mitigate commodity price volatility, contributing to more consistent financial outcomes despite the cyclical nature of the steel industry.
• While management anticipates slightly higher sales volume for Q2 Fiscal 2026, a sequential decline in margins is expected due to recent softening in HRC prices, highlighting ongoing market sensitivity.

Setting the Scene: FRD's Core Business, Industry, and Strategic Foundation

Friedman Industries, Incorporated (FRD), established in Texas in 1965, has evolved into a specialized manufacturer and processor of steel products. Headquartered in Longview, the company has maintained its publicly traded status since 1972, marked by a consistent record of quarterly cash dividends. FRD operates through two distinct segments: flat-roll products and tubular products, serving a diverse customer base that includes steel distributors and manufacturers across various industries.

The steel industry is inherently cyclical, with operating results significantly influenced by the volatile market price of hot-rolled steel coil (HRC). Demand for steel products is closely tied to broader economic activity, particularly in sectors like construction, energy, and general manufacturing. Current industry trends, such as increasing infrastructure investment and the growing demand for steel in new applications like AI-driven data centers, indirectly contribute to the market for FRD's specialized products.

FRD operates within a competitive landscape dominated by larger, integrated steel producers such as Nucor Corporation (NUE), Steel Dynamics, Inc. (STLD), United States Steel Corporation (X), and Commercial Metals Company (CMC). These industry giants often leverage greater scale, diversified operations, and extensive research and development capabilities. For instance, Nucor, a leader in sustainable steel production, typically exhibits higher gross profit margins (NUE TTM Gross Profit Margin: 13%) compared to FRD (FRD TTM Gross Profit Margin: 10.33%), benefiting from its sheer size and cost leadership. Similarly, Steel Dynamics (STLD TTM Gross Profit Margin: 16%) and Commercial Metals Company (CMC TTM Gross Profit Margin: 17%) demonstrate superior profitability, often due to integrated operations and efficient recycling expertise. FRD's smaller scale, in contrast, can lead to higher operating costs per unit, impacting its ability to compete on price in broader markets and making it more susceptible to market swings.

Despite its smaller footprint, FRD carves out a niche through its regional distribution network and specialized processing capabilities. This regional focus fosters stronger customer loyalty and enables faster delivery times, enhancing pricing power and market share in its core midwestern, southwestern, and and southeastern U.S. markets. This localized agility allows FRD to offer superior responsiveness compared to some larger rivals. Furthermore, the company's efficient coil processing operations contribute to cost leadership in certain specialized services, improving capital efficiency and margins. However, FRD faces vulnerabilities, including its reliance on a limited number of suppliers for both its flat-roll and tubular segments, which could lead to material adverse effects during supply chain disruptions.

Technological Differentiators and Operational Excellence

FRD's core technological differentiation lies in its specialized steel processing capabilities and American Petroleum Institute (API) licensed manufacturing. The flat-roll segment operates five hot-rolled coil processing facilities equipped with temper mills, cut-to-length lines, and stretcher leveler cut-to-length lines. This advanced equipment improves the flatness and surface quality of steel coils, enabling them to be cut into sheets and plates with precise specifications, ranging from 16 gauge to 1 inch thick and 36 to 96 inches wide. This precision allows FRD to meet diverse customer needs for high-quality, custom-sized flat steel products, distinguishing it from commodity-focused producers.

The tubular segment, operating as the Texas Tubular Products (TTP) division, features two electric resistance welded pipe mills. These mills are API licensed to manufacture line pipe and oil country pipe, with an outside diameter (OD) size range of 2 3/8 inches to 8 5/8 inches. API licensing is a critical differentiator, signifying adherence to stringent industry standards essential for the energy sector. The capability to manufacture pipe for structural purposes further diversifies its market reach. These specialized processing and manufacturing capabilities, particularly the API licensing, represent a significant competitive moat. They enable FRD to serve niche, high-value markets that demand specific quality and dimensional precision, translating into potentially higher average selling prices and better margins. A testament to this is the Sinton, TX facility, a newer addition that has already demonstrated its effectiveness by delivering the highest profit margin among all locations, underscoring the tangible benefits of these advanced processing capabilities and strategic investments.

Financial Performance and Liquidity

Friedman Industries delivered a strong performance in the first quarter of fiscal 2026, ended June 30, 2025. Net sales reached $134.8 million, marking a substantial 17.7% increase from $114.6 million in the prior-year quarter. This growth was primarily fueled by an increase in sales volume, driven by stronger customer demand and successful commercial efforts to boost capacity utilization across its facilities. Net earnings for the quarter surged by 95.3% to $5.0 million, resulting in diluted earnings per share of $0.71, up from $0.37 a year ago.

The flat-roll segment was a significant contributor to this growth, with sales totaling $124.1 million, a 20.0% increase from $103.4 million in the prior-year quarter. Operating earnings for this segment rose sharply to $8.8 million from $2.7 million. This was largely due to a significant increase in sales volume from inventory, which grew to 132,500 tons from 109,000 tons, despite a slight decrease in the average per-ton selling price. The tubular segment, while experiencing a 4.1% sales decrease to $10.7 million due to lower tons sold (9,000 tons vs. 10,000 tons), saw a remarkable turnaround in profitability, swinging from a $1.2 million operating loss to a $1.3 million operating profit. This improvement was supported by a slight increase in the average selling price per ton, from $1,140 to $1,206.

Overall profitability was significantly enhanced by favorable market conditions for hot-rolled steel coil (HRC), which reached the top of a price cycle and remained relatively stable during the quarter. Adjusted gross profit soared by 60.3% to $29.1 million, with margins expanding from 15.8% to 21.6%. The company's hedging activities also contributed positively, recording a $0.3 million gain. Selling, general, and administrative costs increased due to higher incentive compensation, reflecting the improved earnings.

FRD maintains a robust liquidity position. At June 30, 2025, the company reported a current ratio of 3.90 and working capital of approximately $117.5 million. Operating cash flow was a strong $15.5 million for the quarter, enabling a $14.7 million reduction in debt. The company's $150 million asset-based lending (ABL) facility, extended to August 19, 2026, provides substantial financial flexibility. At quarter-end, FRD had a balance of approximately $33.0 million under the ABL facility, with access to approximately $103.7 million. As of the filing date (August 7, 2025), borrowings stood at $27.9 million, with $104.3 million available.

Management believes its current cash position, operating cash flows, and borrowing capacity are adequate to fund expected cash requirements for the next 12 months.

Outlook and Strategic Trajectory

Looking ahead to the second quarter of fiscal 2026, Friedman Industries anticipates sales volume to be slightly higher than in the first fiscal quarter. This projection underscores the company's continued efforts to increase the capacity utilization of its facilities, building on the operational momentum observed in Q1. However, management expects lower margins sequentially compared to the first quarter, a direct consequence of hot-rolled coil prices softening at the end of Q1 and the beginning of Q2. This guidance highlights the ongoing sensitivity of FRD's profitability to commodity price fluctuations, despite its hedging strategies.

Despite the near-term margin outlook, management expresses optimism regarding the long-term demand outlook for the industry. This confidence is rooted in FRD's readiness to capitalize on opportunities and its belief in the company's ability to unlock further growth potential. The strategic transfer to the Nasdaq Global Select Market, effective April 8, 2025, also signals a move to enhance market visibility and potentially attract broader investor interest. The ongoing process of renewing the ABL facility further demonstrates FRD's commitment to maintaining financial flexibility and supporting future operational needs.

Key Risks and Challenges

Investing in Friedman Industries carries inherent risks, primarily stemming from the cyclical nature of the steel industry. The company's operating results are significantly impacted by the volatile market price of hot-rolled steel coil (HRC). While FRD employs HRC futures to manage commodity price risk, the mark-to-market (MTM) accounting treatment can lead to timing mismatches between hedging gains or losses and the corresponding changes in physical margins, potentially introducing quarterly earnings variability. The recent softening of HRC prices, prompting a lower margin outlook for Q2 Fiscal 2026, exemplifies this ongoing challenge.

Another material risk is supplier concentration. Both the flat-roll and tubular segments purchase inventory from a limited number of suppliers. The loss of any of these key suppliers could severely disrupt operations, lead to increased costs, and materially impact the company's business. Furthermore, as a smaller player compared to integrated steel giants, FRD may face greater pressure during broader economic downturns or significant shifts in demand from its key end-markets, potentially affecting sales volumes and overall profitability more acutely.

Conclusion

Friedman Industries' strong first quarter of fiscal 2026 underscores its capacity to generate significant profitability and cash flow, even within the dynamic and cyclical steel market. The company's operational excellence, particularly its success in increasing capacity utilization and leveraging high-margin facilities like Sinton, is a testament to its disciplined execution. FRD's specialized flat-roll processing and API-licensed tubular manufacturing capabilities represent a crucial competitive moat, enabling it to serve niche, high-value markets that demand precision and quality.

The investment thesis for FRD is firmly rooted in its strategic adaptability, effective commodity price hedging, and robust financial health, which collectively aim to deliver consistent performance despite inherent industry volatility. While the anticipated softening of HRC prices suggests near-term margin compression, FRD's strong liquidity, proactive debt management, and management's long-term optimism regarding industry demand position it for continued strategic growth. Investors should closely monitor HRC price trends and the company's ongoing efforts to manage supplier relationships, as these factors will be critical to sustaining its market position and unlocking its full growth potential.